Current Affairs 21st July

Current affairs 21st July By Right IAS

Insula

The insula (also known as the insular cortex, or historically, the Island of Reil) is a fascinating and crucial region of the brain, Despite its relatively small size, the insula plays a vital role in numerous brain functions, particularly in areas related to sensation, emotion, and self-awareness
The dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) is a brain region located in the prefrontal cortex, specifically in the middle frontal gyrus, and is associated with various cognitive functions. It plays a key role in executive functions like working memory, planning, decision-making, and cognitive flexibility.
The Hindu

Topic ⟶ International Moon Day

When and Why?
Celebrated annually on July 20. Commemorates the first human landing on the Moon during Apollo 11 in 1969. Officially recognised by the United Nations in 2021, based on a recommendation by the Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space (COPUOS). Purpose and Objectives Celebrate the global progress in moon exploration. Encourage peaceful, cooperative, and sustainable use of lunar resources. Promote international cooperation in outer space. Inspire young minds through education and outreach Current Status July 20 continues to be the globally accepted date for the celebration. Recognised as the day when humanity first reached beyond Earth

Peatlands in Riau Province, Indonesia

What are Peatlands? Peatlands are wetland ecosystems where partially decayed vegetation (peat) accumulates over centuries. They store massive amounts of carbon — more than all the world’s forests combined. Found extensively in Southeast Asia, especially in Indonesia. Riau Province, Indonesia Located on Sumatra Island, Riau has one of the largest peatland areas in Indonesia. Plays a critical role in carbon storage, biodiversity, and climate regulation. Home to rare species like the Sumatran tiger and orangutans. Why It Matters Restoring peatlands in Riau is crucial for: Combating climate change. Protecting biodiversity. Reducing transboundary air pollution. Improving livelihoods of local communities through eco-friendly practices. fires can be challenging to extinguish due to the nature of peat, which burns slowly and deeply, producing smoke and haze, which can spread to neighbouring countries like Malaysia and Singapore, causing air quality issues.

The Hindu

India’s role in the upcoming AI Impact Summit (2026)

Bringing AI into the Global Mainstream Less than three years ago, ChatGPT popularized AI, taking it from research labs into everyday life—homes, classrooms, and parliaments. This triggered global concern and urgency, leading to three major AI summits in a short span. India’s Opportunity in 2026 In February 2026, India will host the AI Impact Summit in New Delhi. The summit offers a chance to: Break attendance records. Show that